🛡️ Security
Shows the best programs / websites for security.
How to see if your files contain malware:
1. Virustotal ⭐ : Check file with over 50+ antiviruses, able to see the files behaviour and relations.
2. Kaspersky Cloud: Kaspersky Cloud allows you to check the safety of files. Unfortunetly lots of the advanced features require you to pay.
3. Hybrid Analysis: Similar to Virustotal
Best antiviruses for Windows:
Note:
Antivirus software is usually bloatware. Stick to trusted sources for games and software and you will be fine with nothing but Windows Defender and an occasional Malwarebytes scan. Also remember to always scan setup / installation files with Virustotal, Kaspersky Cloud, Malwarebytes or Windows Defender.
How to remove malware from your computer:
Tip: Windows 7 and below is no longer supported by Microsoft and UNSAFE to use. If you are still running Windows 7 with a LEGIT license, you can obtain a free upgrade to Windows 10 by using the Windows 10 Upgrade Assistant from Microsoft. They have been very generous in continuing to allow users to upgrade from Windows 7 at no charge. Do this upgrade AFTER your system has been cleaned of malware. A system image backup is highly recommended before starting this process. This backup can be performed to an external hard drive with the Backup & Restore tool located in the Control Panel on Windows 7 and up.
Purpose & Scope of this Guide:
This guide is designed to assist you in removing malware from an infected system that successfully boots. If your computer is completely unable to boot due to malware, please make a post on r/techsupport on Reddit, as this guide will not help you. If you perform the following steps exactly as described, this will solve your problem in over 90% of scenarios. That said, not all malware is created equal, and not all malware removal tools are created equal. The tools recommended in this guide were picked because of their high success and low failure rates, measured on a very large scale. However, there will be times that this guide fails in removing malware. If that is the case, please make a post on r/techsupport on Reddit for further assistance, stating that this guide was unsuccessful. It is recommended to only accept advice from a “Trusted” technician. I am writing this guide in layman’s terms so that most people will be able to understand it with ease.
Disclaimer:
The following instructions are recommendations only. You take full responsibility for any steps you choose to perform on your computer. While the following recommendations are performed without issue on countless machines, there is always a risk of damaging your Operating System or experiencing data loss on any machine. It is solely YOUR responsibility to save all work and back up any and all important data on your system before proceeding.
Malware Remediation Steps:
Before proceeding, go into your browser’s extensions and remove all suspicious items. Also go into your browser’s settings and remove any default search providers and unusual homepages. If you are unsure how to do this, proceed to Step 1.
Download and run the following tools in this order. Run all tools unless otherwise instructed. All tools should be run in Normal Mode (not Safe Mode) unless you are unable to boot Normal Mode, or the scans fail in Normal Mode. All tools must be run under an Administrator account. Do not remove any tool-generated logs in the event a helper needs you to share them to further assist you.
Run rkill.com. Sometimes it takes a few minutes to finish. Do not reboot when done.
Kills running malicious processes
Removes policies in the registry that prevent normal OS operation
Repairs file extension hijacks
Download an updated copy Malwarebytes. Turn on the “Scan for Rootkits” option. Then, run a “Scan”
Successfully removes the vast majority of infections
Has an industry-leading, lightning-fast scanning & heuristics engine
Has built-in repair tools to fix damage done by malware
Run Malwarebytes ADWCleaner and then click the “Scan Now” button.
Removes majority of adware, PuPs, Toolbars, and Browser hijacks
Scans for bloatware & pre-installed software and lets you quarantine any or all of it.
Fixes proxy settings changed by malware
Removes certain non-default browser settings
Optional, Advanced Step (only run if previous tools fail to solve problem):
HitmanPro is a phenomenal "second-opinion" malware scanner. I recommend clicking "Settings" and uncheck "Scan for tracking cookies" before starting the scan. This will drastically reduce scan times. This tool can only be run ONCE for free. Use it wisely.
Please note: If malware has prohibited you from browsing the web or downloading files, you can try running the NetAdapter Repair Tool with all options checked which will attempt to restore your internet connection & default browser settings. You may have to download these tools on another computer and move them to a flash drive that you can plug into the infected machine.
Think your Mac is infected?
Try Malwarebytes Anti-Malware for Mac. Please make a post on r/techsupport on Reddit if it is unsuccessful.
If you have run all of the above tools successfully, you should be malware-free. If you are still experiencing problems, please make a post on Reddit in r/techsupport on for further assistance.
Follow-up Steps (highly recommended):
Using a computer that has not been infected, change passwords to all your online accounts.
Consider enabling two-factor authentication on all accounts!
Install a better anti-virus. See recommendations below.
What is malware?
Malware is an umbrella term used to refer to a variety of forms of hostile or intrusive software, including computer viruses, worms, trojan horses, ransomware, spyware, adware, scareware, and other malicious programs. It can take the form of executable code, scripts, active content, and other software.
How did I get infected?
It is difficult to track down the source of an infection. Most infections are actually given permission to run unknowingly by the user. It is recommended to keep User Account Control turned on and never give access to something you do not trust or did not open. Many other infections come via exploits in your browser or browser plug-ins on websites you visit. Always be very careful what you install. Make sure you trust the source implicitly. When downloading programs, always use the publisher’s website directly.
How to prevent future infections:
Be very careful what you download and install. Keep your software up-to-date. Using Ninite for installing/updating software is very easy & safe and uses official installers without adding extra software to your PC during installation. Make sure Windows is kept up-to-date as well, including Windows 10 feature updates. Many Windows updates patch exploits and vulnerabilities in your operating system. Most infections are active because the user has unknowingly given it Administrative permission to install and run. The first line of defense starts with you.
The following tools will aid you in keeping your computer clean:
Free Anti-Virus Suggestions:
Malwarebytes ⭐ (Next-generation anti-virus replacement, free version must be run MANUALLY)
How to avoid malware:
If you're going to download software/games, definitely avoid the piratebay. They have an immense amount of fake torrents and it's just not worth the risk of wading through their crap heap.
If you're going to download other torrents that aren't software, you can at least take preliminary measures that you're not running a fake file, even if you download from trustworthy torrent sites.
The following examples use video files as an example, and while it is wholly possible to include malware in anything, malware in files like video files, music files, isn't a likely scenario. Even then, they would have to target a specific program (ie. a specific video player) to attempt to exploit in order to tailor a video file with malware only meant to be able to run on such a video player. The main idea here is to use up-to-date programs in order to prevent being a victim of most of these exploits.
If you're looking for video, obviously an exe file is not what you're looking for, so that's an obvious candidate for the trash bin. Other attack vectors include intentionally bloated videos that simply contain messages like "download x codec to properly view this video". In the download folder there may be a link or executable to install the supposed "codecs", which will obviously be malware.
SFX files may also be used to spread malware, as they are "self extracting executables", but by all intents and purposes treated as executables themselves. Do not run software if you do not trust the source.
Pay close attention to the file icon to make sure that it's recognized as a video file instead of anything else. If you have file extensions hidden, files such as NotAVirus.mp4.exe will simply show as NotAVirus.mp4, but they'll show the executable icon because Windows sees the real file extension. Make sure you unhide file extensions.
Be on the lookout for RTL naming schemes that may make a filename of filename.3pm.exe be displayed as filename.exe.mp3: Further Reading.
Another attack vector includes Windows shortcuts, which will provide (as an example) a supposed videofile.avi video file but it's actually shortcut to a batch / powershell other type of script, and won't show as such even with file extensions shown. The file icon may also be one similar to that of a video player's, but if you pay close attention to it, you'll notice an arrow in the corner that indicates it's a shortcut. Also note the file type column in file explorer showing Shortcut: https://i.imgur.com/e0Cgeje.jpg. In the screenshot, the tiny filesize is a giveaway, but these attack vectors typically 0-byte pad the file to inflate the filesize, in an attempt to make it look more convincing. Some reading on this [TrendMicro]. This type of download will never not be malware.
Use proper video players instead of the default Windows media player, I recommend VLC.
Popular video file types will be avi, mp4, mkv. wmv, wma video / audio containers' specs allow for scripts, which windows media player can try to run.
Not very common, but .scr files are "screensaver setter" files that are actually just executables. Avoid these. :::